Glossary of Bio Medical Engineering



Accessible Part
Part of equipment which can be touched without the use of a tool.

Accessible Metal Part
Metal part of equipment which can be touched without the use of a tool.

Air Clearance
Shortest path in air between two conductive parts.

Applied Part
A part of the equipment which in normal use:
  • necessarily comes into physical contact with the patient for the equipment to perform its function; or
  • can be brought into contact with the patient; or
  • needs to be touched by the patient
Earth Leakage Current
Current Flowing from the mains part through or across the insulation into theprotective earth conductor.

Enclosure
Exterior surface of the equipment including:
  • all accessible metal parts , knobs, grips and the like;
  • accessible shafts;
  • for the purpose of tests, metal foil, with specified dimensions, applied in contact with parts of the external surface made of material with low conductivity or made on insulating material.

Enclosure Leakage Current
Current flowing from the enclosure, or parts thereof, excluding applied parts , accessible to the operator or patient in normal use, through an external conductive connection other than the protective earth conductor to earth or to another part of the enclosure.

Functional Earth Conductor
Conductor to be connected to a functional earth terminal.

Functional Earth Terminal
Terminal directly connected to a point of a measuring supply or control circuit or to a screening part which is intended to be earthed for functional purposes.

Leakage Current
Current that is not functional. The following leakage currents are defined: Earth Leakage Current , Enclosure Leakage Current , and Patient Leakage Current .

Live
State of a part which, when connection is made to that part, can cause a current exceeding the allowable leakage current for the part concerned to flow from that part to earth or from that part to an accessible part of the same equipment .

Mains Part
Entirety of all parts of the equipment intended to have a conductive connection with the supply mains . For the purpose of this definition, the protective earth conductors not considered as a part of the mains part.

Medical Electrical Equipment
Electrical equipment, provided with no more than one connection to a particular supply mains and intended to diagnose, treat or monitor the patient under medical supervision and which makes physical or electrical contact with the patient and/or transfers energy to or from the patient and/or detects such energy transfer to or from the patient. The equipment includes those accessories as defined by the manufacturer which are necessary to enable the normal use of the equipment.

Operator
Person handling equipment.

Patient
Living being (person or animal) undergoing medical or dental investigation or treatment.

Patient Auxiliary Current
Current flowing in the patient in normal use between part of the applied part and not intended to produce a physiological effect, for example, bias current of an amplifier, current used in impedance plethysmography.

Patient Leakage Current
Current flowing from the applied part via the patient to earth or flowing from the patient via an F-Type applied part to earth originating from the unintended appearance of a voltage from an external source on the patient.

Potential Equalization Conductor
Conductor providing a connection between equipment and the potential equalization bus bar of the electrical installation.

Protective Earth Conductor
Conductor to be connected between the protective earth terminal and an external protective earthing system.

Protective Earth Terminal
Terminal connected to conductive parts of Class I equipment for safety purposes. This terminal is intended to be connected to an external earthing system by aprotective earth conductor.

Reinforced Insulation
Single insulation system applied to live parts which provide a degree of protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation under the conditions specified in IEC 60601-1.

Supplementary Insulation
In dependent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation in order to provide protection against electric shock in the event of a failure of basic insulation.

Supply Mains
Permanently installed power source which may also be used to supply electrical apparatus which is outside the scope of IEC 60601-1.

Tool
Extra-corporeal object (e.g. screwdriver) which may be used to secure or release fasteners or to make adjustments.

User
Authority responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment.

Double Insulation
Insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation.

DPM (for IV administrative set ) 
Drip Per Minute


Drip Chamber
The chamber that control DPM value of IV administrative set, typically 15,20,60 DPM  IV administrative set available.


Antistatic Wrist Strap.

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) or static electricity can destroy sensitive electronic device. To avoid it we ware this strap on one hand while handling  Electrostatic devices.
Audiometer

An electronic device that produces acoustic stimuli for the measurement of hearing. The device measures the hearing for pure tone of frequencies, generally varying from 125-8000 Hz.
 



Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), formerly known as electroshock, is a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in anesthetized patients for therapeutic effect. Its mode of action is unknown.Today, ECT is most often recommended for use as a treatment for severe depression that has not responded to other treatment, and is also used in the treatment of mania and catatonia.
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Syringe Pumps
syringe pump is a small infusion pump , used to gradually administer small amounts of fluid (with or without medication) to a patient.It is more accurate then Infusion pump because of generally it used to administer critical drugs.

Syringe Pump
 



Infusion pumps

An infusion pump used to infuses fluids, medication or nutrients into a patient's circulatory system. It is generally used intravenously.
Most of them can control using Volume, Rate or Time.



APGAR

APGAR is a quick test performed on a baby at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The 1-minute score determines how well the baby tolerated the birthing process. The 5-minute score tells the doctor how well the baby is doing outside the mother's womb.


The APGAR test is done by a doctor, midwife, or nurse. The health care provider will examine the baby's:
  • Breathing effort
  • Heart rate
  • Muscle tone
  • Reflexes
  • Skin color

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